wxPython安装与环境配置
Python语言接触也有些时间，但平常主要是写写完成某些功能命令行的脚本。然后对于图形界面开发呢，考察了下，python的GUI toolkit主要有：内置的Tkinter库, pyQt, wxPython等。平时项目中wx用的比较多，那就探索下wxPython吧，正如名字一样，由开源的C++跨平台图形库wxWidgets，加上python语言绑定而成。结合python语言的简洁强大与wx的丰富的图形界面，我们可以快速的开发python GUI程序。
##一、Windows下安装
Windows下安装比较简单:
- 安装python(我这里是python2.7.4.msi)
- 安装对应版本的wxPython(我的是wxPython2.8-win32-unicode-2.8.12.1-py27)
- 安装wxPython的demo和doc(wxPython2.8-win32-docs-demos-2.8.12.1.exe)
装好后wxpython出现在python包目录中E:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\wx-2.8-msw-unicode,用python 引入包import wx来写GUI程序，
差不多了，python demo.py跑跑内带的demo看看，可以发现wxPython有丰富的ui 元素
C:\Documents and Settings\tanli>python
Python 2.7.6 (default, Nov 10 2013, 19:24:18) [MSC v.1500 32 bit (Intel)] on win
32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import wx
>>> print wx.VERSION
(2, 8, 12, 1, '')
##二、Linux下安装
Linux下要稍微复杂些：
(1)安装wxWigets
下载wxGTK-2.8.12.tar.gz解压后在其目录下建立bld文件夹，然后运行configure：
../configure --prefix=/home/tanli/local/wxWidget-2.8.12 \
--with-gtk \
--with-gnomeprint \
--with-opengl \
--enable-debug \
--enable-geometry \
--enable-graphics_ctx \
--enable-sound --with-sdl \
--enable-mediactrl \
--enable-display \
--disable-debugreport \
--enable-unicode \
--with-libjpeg=builtin \
--with-libpng=builtin \
--with-libtiff=builtin \
--with-zlib=builtin
(–enable-mediactrl ,可能有个链接错误，可以去掉)
(2)编译安装：
制作一个脚本，内容如下：
make $*
make -C contrib/src/gizmos $*
make -C contrib/src/stc $*
命名为 .make ， 放到bld目录下 然后运行：
$./.make
$./.make install
(3)安装wxPython：
下载 wxpython: http://downloads.sourceforge.net/wxpython/wxPython-src-2.8.12.1.tar.bz2 解压，然后在它的wxPython目录里运行：
python setup.py build_ext --inplace --debug WX_CONFIG=/home/tanli/local/wxWidget-2.8.12/bin/wx-config
WX_CONFIG=/home/tanli/local/wxWidget-2.8.12/bin/wx-config 中的路径为configure时设置的路径
(4)设置环境变量：
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/tanli/local/wxWidget-2.8.12/lib
export PYTHONPATH=/home/tanli/local/wxPython-src-2.8.12.1/wxPython
我将wxPython的源码文件夹copy到了~/local下，所以第二项是这样 最后将以上两项添加道home目录下的.bashrc中，以后用起来方便点
##三、第一个wxPython程序
写个图形版本的hello world吧，这个程序基本可以看出wxPython程序框架和wxWidget是一致的，只不过代码比C++要简单的多：
import wx
class MyFrame(wx.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, title):
wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, title=title, size=(400,300))
self.CreateStatusBar() # A StatusBar in the bottom of the window
# Setting up the menu.
filemenu= wx.Menu()
# wx.ID_ABOUT and wx.ID_EXIT are standard ids provided by wxWidgets.
menuAbout = filemenu.Append(wx.ID_ABOUT, "&About"," Information about this program")
menuExit = filemenu.Append(wx.ID_EXIT,"E&xit"," Terminate the program")
# Creating the menubar.
menuBar = wx.MenuBar()
menuBar.Append(filemenu,"&File") # Adding the "filemenu" to the MenuBar
self.SetMenuBar(menuBar) # Adding the MenuBar to the Frame content.
# Set events.
self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.OnAbout, menuAbout)
self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.OnExit, menuExit)
def OnAbout(self,e):
# A message dialog box with an OK button. wx.OK is a standard ID in wxWidgets.
dlg = wx.MessageDialog( self, "Hello world! ", "wxPython Dialog", wx.OK)
dlg.ShowModal() # Show it
dlg.Destroy() # finally destroy it when finished.
def OnExit(self,e):
self.Close(True) # Close the frame.
app = wx.App(False)
frame = MyFrame(None, "wxPython hello world")
frame.Show(True)
app.MainLoop()
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